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(NoModel.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. D. HOOKER.

DOUBLE AGTING PUMP.

No. 349,047. Patented sept. 14, 1,886.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Patented Sept. 14, 1886.

W. D. HOOKER;4

DOUBLE ACTING PUMP.

(NogModel.)

witnesses (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

, W. D.H00KBR.

DOUBLE ACTING PUMP.

Patented Sept. 14, 1886.

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PATENT VILLTAM DAVIS HOOKER, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

DOUBLE-ACTING PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 349,047, dated September 14, 1886,

Application [ilcd February 1886. Serial No. 190.987. (No model.)

the city of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Double-Acting Pumps; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe inventiom such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and iigures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this speclication.

My invention relates to double acting pumps, and is designed more especially for tire-engines.

rlhe object of my invention is to produce a powerful, simple, and efficient double-acting pump capable. of producing a very high vacuum and to run at a very high speed, which are points of great importance and utility in steam tire-engines, where rapidity of action is essential to good work. To accomplish these ends I proceed to construct and combine the mechanism hereinafter set forth, and pointed out in the claims.

rEhe accompanying drawings illustrate what' I 'consider the best means for carrying my invention into practice.

Figure 1 is a vertical section 'of the pump, taken through the center of the induction and eduction passages. Fig. 2 is a vertical central section of the pump, taken at right angles to Fig. l. Fig..3 is a plan View with the cover and pistons removed, and the valvechest of the boiler vfeed-pump removed to accommodate the figure to the sheet. Fig. 4 is a detail of the water-gage. Fig. 5 is a transverse section of the pump through the upper set of valves. Fig. 6 is a transverse section of the pump, taken just below the upper valves.

Similar letters olrel'erence indicate corresponding partsV in all the views where they occur. e g

A is the body or cylinder of the pump, which is cast integral with the following-named parts the ends a a, the partitions a a', which sepa-v rate the induction from the eduction chamber, the valve-seat partitions ci a ed a, the working-barrel AXX of the boiler feed-pump, and in the same piece is made the central projection or bored portion, At, of the body, in which the barrel is held, and which affords enlarged annular spaces a* in thc pump-cylinder opposite the induction and eduction ports, to allow free entrance and exit of the water.

The valves b b are the induction-valves, and

held against their seats by springs b b', tending to keep the valves always closed, ,but permitting them to open to admit water at the proper time. These valves are arranged at the top (or near the top) of the pump, and at or near the bottom also, so as to make the pump double-acting. The eduction -valves (marked c c) are similarly arranged, but are equipped with springs c c', which rest against the back of the valves, and tend to force them in toward the center of the pump.

Openings are madein the shell of the pump, through which the valve-stems mounted upon plugs c6, for covering said' openings, are inserted. Through these openings the valveseat partitions are trued and prepared to receive the valve-seats.

The ends of the pump are marked a a, and,

as above stated, are cast integral with thc v pump-body. Over these ends, which are trued and faced up, are placed the covers A', which are provided with projecting edges'or anges a5, and are fitted over the ends and properly secured. The flanges or projecting edges prevent the packing from being blown out from between the head or cover and the ends. The cover at one end is provided with two stuffingboXes, d d', 'thc former being for the piston-rod D of the main pump, and the latter, d', for the piston-rod D of the boiler feed-pump.

The main pump-barrel C is a separate piece from the body of the pump, and is provided with a shoulder, 0*, which bears against the edge or rim of extension or projection AF, which is bored true to receive it. The upper end of the barrel is provided with lugs CH, which rest. under the cover A at the upper end of the pump, and are pressed upon by said cover, and the barrel C is held firmly between the cover and thc part AX.

The barrel AXX of the boiler feed-pump is cast inthe partition of the pump-body integral therewith, and gives not only a reliable and compact structure, but simplifies the construction and renders it unnecessary tobolt the same to the pump body, as is usually done,l

IOO

The piston-rods D D are yoked together, as shown at dit. The valve-chest ufii, which is securcdto the body ofthe pump in proper relation to the barrel Aif, contains the usual induction and eduction valves, as shown, and operates in the manner well known in single-acting pumps. This pump connects with a suitable water-supply andwith the boiler, and gives the force-feed to the circulation, as described in an application filed by me on the 27th day of January, 1886, Serial No. 189,944.

The piston D, which is attached to rod D and worksin barrel C, is formed with a threaded hub, Z, formed with one ofthe end plates, Z. Upon this hub screws a cone, X, which is internally screw-threaded. A reverse cone, X', is set upon the exterior of cone X, and serves to expand the packing-ri ugs X2. Both the paekingrings and the cone X are split or cut into two or more part circles, so as to be readily expanded. The conc X is integral. ln the ends of cone X are placed two or more pins, rv", which enter holes in follower or plate Z and prevent the cone X from being turned by the movement and work of the parts. Outside of the follower or plaie Z2 the end of the piston-rod is provided with a nut or nuts, as shown, to hold the piston upon the pistonrod.

By screwing cone X farther up on the hub the packing is spread and its wear compensated for.

E is the induction or suction port, and F is the eduction or discharge port.

The air-charging device is applied to the discharge side of the pump.

Recognizing the principle by which air always seeks to rise above water, being the lighter of t-he two fluids, I have connected the top ofthe discharge portion or side of the pump with the top ol' the airehamber F by first an opening or bore,f, and a tube,f, suitably formed and jointed, extending up into the air-chamber to near its top. Theai r whichis introduced into the pump in the water will be driven into the air-chamber, which will become filled with compressed air, and will take all the pulsations and movements of the water and prevent the same from being communicated to the wat-er in the hose, thereby causing throbs or pulsations in the hose, and causing the stream thrown from the nozzle to be unsteady and irregular, as is so observable in most lire-engines.

In my device the pulsations and throbs in the hose and the unevenness of the stream are entirely overcome and a steady strong stream is maintained. As will be noticed, the discharge-passage F connects with the discharge side of the pump about mid-height thereof, so that the openingf into the air-tubef is above said discharge-opening. This prevents any air from flowing out with the water, but it will all rise through the air-tube into the air-chamber. The air-passageff is connected to the extreme top of the discharge-chamber of the pump, while the air-chamber F is set over the dischargeopening, which, as stated, connects to the discharge-chamber at a point down its' length. New, the air which is in the water which is passing through the pump will collect at the top of the discharge-chamber, and in my invention it is allowed to pass off into the top of the air-chamber, so that no air will pass outof the discharge-chamber at the opening made for the water, but will all llow up into the top of the air-chamber through the passageff. In pumps which depend upon the escape of air from the water as it is passing out through the dischargeopeniiig-that is, such as have an air-chamber over the discharge-opening, as mine is, but without the air-passage fj", leading from the top vof the discharge-chamber to the top of the air-chamber-aud in pumps i n which the air-passage into the air-chamber is connected to the disehargechamber at some point below the top of the discharge-chamber, the separation of the air from the water is not complete, and the operation of thehose is not easy and even, but the air still remaining in the water will cause it to throb and pulsate and give an irregular stream. To admit the requisite air for charging this air device, I place a small air-cock in the suction of the pump, which may be opened to admit air with the intlowing water. This cock is marked c, and is shown under the suctionpipe in Fig. l. f

To ascertain when the air in chamber Il" is at proper compression and asuflicient body is therein contained to effect the desired end above mentioned, I place a gage or test tube in the discharge side and connect ittherewith at the proper height to insurethat when the water falls below it there is theproper amount and compression of air in the chambei F. This gage consists of a glass tube, G, closed at the top and provided with a metallic base, which may be screwed into the pump and bring said tube G into communicationwith the discharge Side of the pump. A metal case, II, with a longitudinal slit, h, is placed over the glasstube, in which the glass tube is packed at the bottom, so as to make a water-tight ljoint. The metallic base which screws into the pump is preferably formed with or upon the me tallic case, as shown in Fig. 4V. The packing is held in said parts in the manner shown in Fig. l. Now, with this gage secured in place, as shown, and the air-charging device in operation, the height of the water in the tube G can be observed through slit h, and when the water sinks below the mouth or entrance to the tube the water from said tube will flow out and the tube be illcd with air. When thus conditioned,the amount and degree of compression of air in the chamber is just right to destroy and avoid the pulsations in the hose and the unsteadincss of the stream before referred to, and the cock c can be closed, to be again opened when the water again rises in tube G. This air-charging device and testtube can be used with good effect upon any pump.

In case the pump is drafting from a hydrant ICO IIO

IIS

where the water is under pressure the air-cock e would leak water and not admit air. To prevent this,I place the air-cock in the top of the cylindercover and provide a check-valve which will automatically close against the egress of water, but will admit the air. The checkvalve is located between the air-valve and the cover, as shown in Fig. 1, where lc represents the air-valve, and Z the check-valve.

It is evident that many modifications and alterationsmay be made in my device without affecting its working materially. Some of the parts can be used without the others. As already stated,the air charging and testing devices are applicable to other pumps. A different form of valvemight be used or a different means of mounting said valves employed.

I preferably divide the packing and the split cone into four part circles to get the best eX- pansive effect. The packing-rings are preferabl y of fibrous material with soft elastic rubber backs t0 allow for any inequalities from a true circle as the split cone is pressed out against the packing.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent 1. In a double-acting pump,the combination, with the outer and inner shells cast integral and having a central inward projection forming on the interior of the inner shell a support for the pumping-barrel and a division between the upper and lower valves, and upon the exterior of said inner shell enlarged openings, as ai adi, for the suction and discharge of the pump, 0f the pump -barrel, as described, and the pumpheads, one of which holds said barrel in place.

2. In a double-acting cylindrical pump, the combination, with the discharge-chamber common to both actions of the pump, and a discharge-opening at about mid-height of said chamber, of the air-chamber located over the discharge-opening, and an air-passage, as f f, connecting the extreme top of the dischargechamber with the top ofthe airchamber,where by the air in the water will all escape through said passageff without passing with the water out through the discharge-opening, as set forth.

3. The combination, with the pu mp-cylinder having the discharge-opening below the top of the discharge-chamber, and the air-chamber, as described, of the tube and opening or passage connecting the top of the discharge-chamber with the top of the air-chamber, and a glass test-tube open at the bottom and closed at the top and sides, and connected with the discharge of the pump at a point below the tube or opening, as and for the purpose set forth. i

4. A pump having its ends cast integral with the shell, and also having a barrel for the boiler feedwater pump formed directly in the body of the pump and integral therewith in one of the dividing-partitions, and a valve-chest for said feed-water pump, secured upon the outside o-f the pump.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM DAVIS HOOKER.

Witnesses:

CHARLEs MAG EE, C. D. GREENE, Jr. 

